Why is the fiscal deficit widening?

Why is the fiscal deficit widening?

The government’s fiscal deficit up to November came in at 112% of the amount budgeted for the entire financial year ending in March, prompting a number of commentators to predict that the government would miss its target for the year.

What does it mean?
The government missing its fiscal deficit target for the year means that either the revenue it collected fell short of projections, or that its expenditure was higher than planned. The data from the Controller General of Accounts shows that the government’s expenditure seems to be on track. That is, it has spent 68.9% of the amount budgeted for the year, with four months remaining. In other words, it has 31% of its budgeted expenditure left for the remaining 25% of the year.

The revenue side, however, seems to be where the issue is, at only 53% of the full-year target. Looking deeper, the data shows that the government’s non-tax revenue, at only 36.5% of the year’s target, is lagging behind last year’s performance, where it had earned 54.2% of that year’s non-tax revenue target by November.

Are there any other factors at play?
A few days ago, the government announced that it would be borrowing an additional ₹50,000 crore during the remaining part of the financial year. While it was assumed that this would lead to a slippage in the fiscal deficit, the government was quick to explain that this would not happen. In its statement, it explained that the additional borrowing would be offset by trimming down the collections from its Treasury Bills.

So, what was the actual effect?
While the effect of this extra borrowing on the fiscal deficit is yet to be determined, the news certainly had an effect on the bond market. According to news reports, the benchmark 10-year bond price fell to a nearly 17-month low, pushing its yield up by as much as 17 basis points. According to analysts, the bond market is still uncertain about the quantum of borrowing the government will do by the end of the financial year.

What is the government’s view on this?
Following the release of the October data, which showed the fiscal deficit at 96% of the full year’s target, the Chief Statistician of India, TCA Anant, had said that there was no need to worry and that the fiscal deficit was bound to go up during the year before coming down again towards the end. The main reason for this, he said, was the fact that the government had brought forward the date for the presentation of the Budget. Because of this, the government has been able to smoothen out its expenditure across the year, with more being spent in the first half of the year than was previously possible. At the same time, the revenue profile of the government in terms of direct tax has remained more or less the same.

Is a slippage such a bad thing?
According to former Chief Statistician Pronab Sen, even a 0.5% slippage in the fiscal deficit would be okay as long as it is being driven by an increase in expenditure on developmental activities such as rural roads, irrigation, and low-cost housing.

Even though ratings agency Moody’s recently upgraded India, it did say that it would be tracking the fiscal situation, so any significant slippages could result in a downgrade in the future.

जीतना ही सब कुछ नहीं है।winning in the game is not every thing.

जीतना ही सब कुछ नहीं है।winning in the game is not every thing.
'जीतना या हारना महत्वपूर्ण नहीं है, व्यक्तिगत तौर पर बेहतर बनना महत्वपूर्ण है।

very true for civil service aspirants too....
#LearnfromLegend

बैडमिंटन कोर्ट के बाहर पुलेला गोपीचंद बहुत धीमी आवाज में बोलते हैं, लेकिन जब वह कोर्ट के नजदीक होते हैं तो उनकी आवाज बहुत तेज हो जाती है, जैसे पी वी सिंधु के हाल ही में दुबई सुपर सीरीज फाइनल में खेलने पर उन्हें देखा गया था। ऐसा इसलिए क्योंकि गोपीचंद जीतना पसंद करते हैं।
वह रोजाना सुधार करने को और भी पसंद करते हैं। गोपीचंद (44) ने हाल ही में कहा था, 'जीतना ही सब कुछ नहीं है। यह व्यक्तिगत तौर पर बेहतरीन बनना है। आज मैं क्या हूं और मैं क्या बेहतर कर सकता हूं।' उन्होंने कहा, 'आज को गुजरे हुए कल से बेहतर होना चाहिए और आने वाले कल को आज से बेहतर होना चाहिए। मैं इस पर ध्यान देता हूं।'

........................प्रकाश पादुकोण के बाद गोपीचंद ने भी प्रतिष्ठित ऑल-इंग्लैंड चैंपियनशिप जीती थी। हालांकि, चोट की वजह से बतौर खिलाड़ी उनका करियर छोटा हो गया। जिसके बाद उन्होंने कोचिंग देनी शुरू की। इस समय भारत बैडमिंटन के क्षेत्र में जो मुकाम हासिल कर रहा है, उसका काफी हद तक श्रेय गोपीचंद को जाता है। मौजूदा दौर में बैडमिंटन में भारत का नाम रोशन करने वाली पी वी सिंधु, सायना नेहवाल और किदंबी श्रीकांत जैसे प्लेयर गोपीचंद के शिष्य हैं।

..............गोपीचंद कहते हैं, 'कई वर्षों तक तक मेरे लिए खेल का मतलब सिर्फ जीतना था। एक छात्र या माता-पिता के रूप में अगर हम कहते हैं कि हम असफल हो गए, तो हम इसे छिपाने की कोशिश करते हैं। लेकिन एक खिलाड़ी के रूप में अगर आप नाकाम हो जाते हैं, तो आपको लोगों के सामने इस कड़वे सच को स्वीकार करना होता है कि 'मैं हार गया हूं'। अगर आप इसके बाद अपनी गलतियों को सुधार कर वापसी करते हैं तो आप जीत सकते हैं। यह सबसे बड़ा आत्मविश्वास है, जो जिंदगी आपको दे सकती है। यही वास्तविक खेल है।'

................गोपीचंद ने अपने शिष्यों को क्या सीख दी? उनके शिष्यों में ओलंपिक पदक और सुपर सीरीज के विजेता भी हैं, और उन्होंने जीवन के बारे में क्या महसूस किया। उनका कहना है, 'जीतना या हारना महत्वपूर्ण नहीं है, व्यक्तिगत तौर पर बेहतर बनना महत्वपूर्ण है। परिणाम के बजाय प्रक्रिया लक्ष्य है। मैं नहीं जानता कि कैसे चैंपियन पैदा होते हैं और कैसे वे बनाए जाते हैं। मुझे नहीं पता है कि उन्हें क्या प्रेरणा मिली है क्योंकि मेरा मानना ​​है कि प्रत्येक व्यक्ति के पास एक विशिष्ट विशेषता है। अगर जीतना ही सब कुछ था, तो हमें कुछ खेलों में हिस्सा नहीं लेना चाहिए।'
.................अपने करियर के दौरान गोपीचंद को लगातार चोटों से जूझना पड़ा था। इसी वजह से कई जीत उनके हाथ से निकल गई और उनकी शोहरत पर भी इसका असर पड़ा। हालांकि, इससे उन्हें अच्छी सीख भी मिली। गोपीचंद ने कहा, 'मेरी चोटों और अफलताओं ने मुझे अच्छा प्लेयर और कोच बनने में मदद की। अगर चोटें और असफलता नहीं होती तो मुझे अपने अंदर झांकने और खेल से प्यार करने के लिए पर्याप्त समय नहीं मिला होता। जितना समय मैंने खेल से दूर बिताया है, वह मेरे लिए अधिक कीमती रहा और चोटें एक प्रकार से मेरे लिए सफलता रही हैं।'

Satyendra Nath Bose’s 125th birth anniversary

Satyendra Nath Bose’s 125th birth anniversary

a scientist known to whole world but less in india. i love so much about #bosons, my favorite topic in physics.

When his meticulously researched paper sent for publication was returned by the Philosophical Magazine from London with not-so-flattering remarks, Satyendranath Bose did not lose heart. He was so sure of his finding. This was in 1924.

Born on January 1, 1894, Bose studied in Calcutta and was brilliant in his studies. His classmate was the other great (also forgotten) Meghnad Saha, and the legendary Jagdish Chandra Bose was his teacher.

At 22, Bose was appointed lecturer in Calcutta University, along with Saha. In 1921, he joined the then newly created Dacca University as Reader in Physics. He had a couple of papers published by the same journal earlier, co-authored with Saha. It was here while teaching that he wrote this paper for deriving the Planck's Law. His paper was titled ‘Planck's Law and Light Quantum Hypothesis.'

Golden period
The early decades of 1900 were a golden period in the growth of science. It was teeming with great scientists in the western world competing with one another creditably. This was the period when classical sciences such as physics, chemistry, astronomy and medicine were outpacing one another, despite little and inefficient communication. The Moore's law of today would pale into insignificance if we apply it to that period.

In 1900, Max Planck explained in the theory of black body radiation that light is emitted in discrete amounts (quanta) rather than as a continuous wave. But his derivation of this formula was not satisfactory to other scientists, in fact even to himself. However, his formula held true to everyone's surprise.

Albert Einstein's Nobel Prize-winning paper explained the photoelectric effect based on Planck's quanta as photons in 1905. (Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for this paper, not for his papers on Relativity!) But many of his colleagues were not fully convinced of his yet-to-be-developed photon theory. The world was waiting for a new theory on fundamental particles to fill the gaps.

Under these circumstances, Bose re-sent the paper to Albert Einstein in June 1924, with a fervent appeal for his perusal and opinion. “Though a complete stranger to you, I do not feel any hesitation in making such a request,” he wrote. (He was being modest; he had earlier translated Einstein's Relativity papers into English with Einstein's permission). Little could he have foreseen the impact this was going to have.

Einstein immediately recognised the significance of this paper. This paper was going to substantiate and revolutionise his theory of photoelectric effect. Einstein himself translated Bose's paper into German and sent it to Zeitschrift für Physik with his endorsement for publication. With his demigod status, Einstein's words carried much weight. It was promptly published, and immediately Bose shot into prominence.

Seminal phenomenon
Einstein personally invited Bose to work with him, and their efforts culminated in the Bose-Einstein statistics, an important and seminal phenomenon in quantum physics.

His work was wholeheartedly supported and appreciated by the leading lights in quantum theory, such as Louise de Broglie, Erwin Schroedinger, Paul Dirac and Heisenburg.

In honour of Bose' (and every Indian), Paul Dirac coined the word ‘Boson' for those particles which obey Bose's statistics. In atomic theory, only Fermions (named after Enrico Fermi) and Bosons were named after physicists. What a wonderful distinction conferred on our great scientist.

He was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 1954 — and forgotten afterwards.

This is not intended to be a scientific article, but a grim reminder of our apathy to our eminent scientists who had toiled with great shortcomings, yet came out with flying colours. J.C. Bose, P.C. Ray, M. Saha, C.V. Raman and countless other yesteryear scientists, who had achieved so much, were acclaimed internationally, yet ignored and were in oblivion at home.

Is it not a shame that Bose is known more to westerners (even now) than to Indians? How many of us are aware of his communication to Einstein and the subsequent events. It is perplexing why this little incident of Bose sending his paper to Einstein has not found a place in our schoolbooks!

We overlook scientists and their achievements. Yet we don't fail to adulate and elevate Tendulkars, A.R. Rahmans, Kamal Hasans and Khans for their achievements on the screen/ in entertainment. No complaints. Just why don't we extend this courtesy to our real achievers?

We, Indians, are blessed with many festivals to celebrate. Quite a few are new years! Apart from January 1, we have many new years, Assamese, Bengali, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, etc. Of these, we chose unanimously to celebrate the astronomically insignificant date of January 1 as our own, and bash up our streets with unrestrained celebration with booze, dance and gaiety.

Why cannot January 1, birthday of Satyendranath Bose, be celebrated also as a National Scientist Day? Our National Science Day falls on February 28 in remembrance of the Raman Effect.
...........................The word must surely have some European genealogy? In fact, “boson” is derived from Satyendra Nath Bose, an Indian physicist from Kolkata who, in 1924, realised that the statistical method used to analyse most 19th-century work on the thermal behaviour of gases was inadequate. He first sent off a paper on quantum statistics to a British journal, which turned it down. He then sent it to Albert Einstein, who immediately grasped its immense importance, and published it in a German journal. Bose’s innovation came to be known as the Bose-Einstein statistics, and became a basis of quantum mechanics. Einstein saw that it had profound implications for physics; that it had opened the way for this subatomic particle, which he named, after his Indian collaborator, “boson.”

Still, science and the West are largely synonymous and coeval: they are words that have the same far-reaching meaning. Just as Van Gogh and Toulouse-Lautrec’s paintings digest the Japanese prints they were responding to so we don’t need to be aware of Japanese prints when viewing the post-impressionists, western science is pristine, and bears no mark of what’s outside itself.

Other Indian contributions

The last Indian scientific discovery that is universally acknowledged is the zero. Indians are very strong at maths, and the only modern Indian who’s remotely part of the western mythology of science is Srinivasa Ramanujan, equally well known for his Hindu idiosyncrasies and his agonised stay in Cambridge as he is for his mathematical genius.

Indians can be excellent geeks, as demonstrated by the tongue-tied astrophysicist Raj Koothrappalli in the U.S. sitcom Big Bang Theory; but the Nobel prize can only be aspired to by Sheldon Cooper, the super-geek and genius in the series, for whom Raj’s country of origin is a diverting enigma, and miles away from the popular myth of science on which Big Bang Theory is dependent. Bose didn’t get the Nobel Prize; nor did his contemporary and namesake, J.C. Bose, whose contribution to the fashioning of the wireless predates Marconi’s. The only Indian scientist to get a Nobel Prize is the physicist C.V. Raman, for his work on light at Kolkata University. Other Indians have had to become Americans to get the award.

Conditions have always been inimical to science in India, from colonial times to the present day; and despite that, its contributions have occasionally been huge. Yet non-western science (an ugly label engendered by the exclusive nature of western popular imagination) is yet to find its Rosalind Franklin, its symbol of paradoxical success. Unlike Franklin, however, these scientists were never in a race that they lost; they simply came from another planet.

How do I keep a check whether my UPSC preparation is on right track?

How do I keep a check whether my UPSC preparation is on right track?

Samveg GS, www.samvegias.com

Answered Mon

This is most important question that every aspirants should ask whether doing coaching or not ,preparing yourself or through guidance.till you donot know answer of this question,i bet you have little chance to clear the any stage of exam!!

for prelims

best way to know the right track,give at least 10% time for practicing old question paper.how?

for example read executive and legislature part FROM M LAKSHMIKANT and honestly solve last 15 year question paper questions on this topic,find out your weakneses ,read again and solve some more question.believe you will get a sense of confidence,a sence of completeness, asence of right track.there is no other way.

i would suggest that do not solve chapter wise question as upsc makes difficult question by intermixing the related concept of different chapter. so read 2–3 interrelated chapter and then solve the question paper.

what is required is consistency for this exercise.what happened with most student first they do some exercise and then overconfidence take over the simple logic of practice makes a man perfect.

you can exercise old question of CPF and CDS exam too.they are very good quality.

ONCE YOU DID THIS EXERCISE ,YOU CAN JOIN ANY TEST SERIES,I GUARANTEED YOU WILL SEE YOUR ROLL NUMBER IN PRELIMS RESULT.

for mains

as Debotosh MENTIONED YOU NEED some one who can point out seriously your common and not to do mistake first .

he can explain you what content and approach is required for a particular question,

most important thing is that you can improve your presentation only by writting in time bound manner not only by thinking or making structure,.by seeing questions on online sites.

hope this will help.thank you.

https://www.quora.com/How-do-I-keep-a-check-whether-my-UPSC-preparation-is-on-right-track/answer/Samveg-GS?share=2d83e7cb&srid=Sru9

good story about liberation of goa

good story about liberation of goa
How Nehru defied the U.S. and used force against the Portuguese
While Jawaharlal Nehru advised the U.S., the then Soviet Union, and other big powers to abjure force and work towards disarmament, he was himself faced with a dilemma in 1961: whether or not to use force to liberate Goa. It was an agonising decision for a person who adopted the Gandhian approach in international affairs.

After Britain and France left India, it was expected that Portugal would leave too. But Portugal refused. Emphasising that it had been in Goa for centuries, Portugal said that the Goan Catholics would not be safe if it left. Portugal conveniently overlooked the fact over 60% of Goans were Hindus, and many Goan Christians, like the editor Frank Moraes, had a place of honour in Indian public life. Compared to only two lakh Catholics in Goa, there were five million Catholics living peacefully in secular India. Geography, language and nationality bound the people of India with the people of Goa. It was natural that Goa, which had seen a long indigenous freedom movement, should be a part of India.

In the rest of India, people began demanding that Goa be liberated forcibly. In 1955, a satyagraha was launched by the communist and socialist parties for the freedom of Goa. When the satyagrahis entered Goa, the Portuguese opened fire, killing 20 Indians. Nehru imposed an economic blockade, but was not prepared to go further. He hoped that the popular movement in Goa and the pressure of world public opinion would force the hands of the Goan authorities.

It was in 1957, in a letter to Vinoba Bhave, that Nehru first hinted at the possibility of military action. The Goan question came alive when Portugal paid no heed to a UN resolution of December 1960 asking it to indicate when it would grant independence to its colonies in Asia and Africa. In December 1961, Portuguese soldiers in Goa fired at villagers.

Finding that his policy of patience and adherence to international ethics had not yielded results, Nehru decided to free Goa by force. Though advised by American President John F. Kennedy, British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan and UN Secretary-General U Thant to postpone action, Nehru made up his mind. On December 18, after a long-drawn fight against Indian troops, the Portuguese gave up resistance. The Governor General of Goa, Vassalo e Silva, signed a document of unconditional surrender.

The Western media assailed the action as a display of “Indian hypocrisy”, which represented a breach of international law by a nation that professed non-violence. Though the liberation of Goa by force raised the prestige of the government in India, it adversely affected Nehru’s international image, but only briefly. Kennedy told B.K. Nehru, India’s ambassador to the U.S., that after taking military action in Goa, Nehru may not be able to talk of non-violence as he did before. But Kennedy came to India’s rescue in India’s 1962 conflict with China.

UKPSC CUT OFF MARKS FOR DEPUTY COLLECTOR II डिप्टी कलेक्टर बनने के लिए कितना नंबर चाहिए BY SAMVEG IAS

UKPSC CUT OFF MARKS FOR DEPUTY COLLECTOR II डिप्टी कलेक्टर बनने के लिए कितना नंबर चाहिए
BY SAMVEG IAS
https://youtu.be/85nTRtRE5EQ

How do I cover economic survey for Mains and prelims? Does it need to be done or not?

How do I cover economic survey for Mains and prelims? Does it need to be done or not?
#answer written by samveg ias#
if i simply put what is importance of economic survey? why is it important to read it?

This is most authentic document on economic policy ,on component of economy presenting current ,past and future aspect.this is the document that represent what the government want to say about every aspect of economy in simply term.

This shows the thought,direction and process involved in economy.

But i have found that economic survey became very easy if you have very good understanding of basic economy,then you have to find particular new data in each chapter,policy and government effort and challenges.if you donot understand basic then it seems monumental work to read,retain and explain the concept?

sometimes it seems that examiner use same language and way as it is used in economic survey that increases it’s importance.

Economic survey help in identification of most important aspect of an issue in current scenario.

The chapter’s like climate change,external sector,agriculture,public finance ,service are like gems.who can explain better it than economic adviser to finance minister itself?

you get all important issues and challenges face by economy at one place that is very useful for mains too.

i always suggest to read economic survey in consonance with basic part.there are some important para and same time there are little less important para.analyse the old question paper and check yourself how much it is important

but read it at least once ,so that you can say with confidence what economic survey is all about????

https://www.quora.com/How-do-I-cover-economic-…/…/Samveg-GS…