The Mental Health Care Bill, 2013 contains measures to protect the rights of persons suffering from mental illness and promote access to mental healthcare in the country with provisions for protection of the following rights of persons with mental illness:
1. Rights to access mental health care.
2. Right to community living.
3. Right to protection from cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment.
4. Right to equality and non-discrimination.
5. Right to information.
6. Right to confidentiality.
7. Restriction on release of information in respect to mental illness.
8. Right to access medical records.
9. Right to personal contacts and communication.
10. Right to legal aid.
11. Right to make complaints about deficiencies in provision of services.
In 2005, the National Commission on Macroeconomics and Health, reported that 10-20 million (1-2% of population) suffered from severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and nearly 50 million (5% of population) from common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, yielding an overall estimate of 6.5 per cent of the population.
To address the burden of mental disorders and acute shortage of qualified professionals in the field of mental health, Government of India has been implementing the National Mental Health Programme (NMHP) since 1982 with the following components:
i. District Mental Health Programme (DMHP)
ii. Up-gradation of Psychiatric Wings of Govt. Medical Colleges
iii. Modernization of Govt. Mental Hospitals
During the 11th Five Year Plan, the NMHP had been restructured to include additional components like suicide prevention services, work place stress management, life skills training and counselling in schools and colleges and Manpower Development Schemes.
11 State run Mental Health Institutes have been supported for their upgradation as centres of Excellence in Mental Health. Also, 27 PG training departments in mental health specialties have been supported to increase the PG training capacity in mental health as well as improving the tertiary care treatment facility. As a result of implementation of these initiatives, 312 new PG seats in mental health specialties have been created in the supported Institutes.
In order to scale up mental healthcare services and launch it across the country during the 12th Five Year Plan, the National Mental Health Programme has been restructured to be implemented separately at tertiary and district levels. The District Mental Health Programme and other activities to be implemented at District levels have already been approved for implementation. Also, the implementation of various tertiary level activities under NMHP including the Manpower Development Schemes has been approved by the Expenditure Finance Committee.
Besides, three Central Institutions viz. National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur and Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi have been strengthened for augmenting the human resources in the area of mental health and for capacity building in the country.
Action Plan for National Urban Health Mission(NUHM)
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National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) was approved as a sub-mission of the National Health Mission (NHM) by the Cabinet on 1st May, 2013. The States prepare their Programme Implementation Plan which are apprised and approved by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. In Financial Year 2013-14 an amount of Rs.662.227 crore was released to 29 States/UTs, including Rs.23.36 crore to Madhya Pradesh, for implementation of NUHM. Since the approvals were communicated to the States during the last quarter of 2013-14 and the Model Code of Conduct for the General Elections to the LokSabha came into effect on 5th March, 2014, the States & UTs could not implement the activities approved under NUHM during 2013-14. However, the States & UTs are now taking steps to implement NUHM as per the approvals communicated last year and the Ministry is in constant touch with the State Governmentsand UT administrations in this regard. NUHM will be implemented through the District Health Societies, except in the seven mega cities, where it will be implemented through the city Urban Health Societies. The States can also decide to implement NUHM through the city Urban Health Societies in other large cities.
NUHM envisages to strengthen the existing primary health care facilities and establish new primary health centres based on detailed mapping of the slum and vulnerable population to improve access of the urban poor to quality and equitable primary health care services.
An amount of Rs.306.81 crore has been released to 14 States including Rs.34.98 crore to Madhya Pradesh, during the current year to continue the activities sanctioned last year
New Diagnostic Test for TB in Children
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In order to simplify the management of paediatric TB, Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP), has described criteria for suspecting TB among children and has separate algorithms for diagnosing pulmonary TB and peripheral TB lymphadenitis.
Under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP), diagnosis of T.B. among children is currently based on clinical features, smear examination of sputum where this is available, positive family history, tuberculin skin testing, chest radiography and histopathological examination, as appropriate. Diagnosis of paediatric TB through newer diagnostic RNTCP approved technologies like the Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT) is also being used under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme. |
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