Wildlife panel clears first phase of Ken-Betwa project
The Rs. 10,000-crore project will irrigate the drought-prone Bundelkhand region but in the process will also submerge about 10 per cent of the Panna Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh, feted as a model tiger-conservation reserve.
India’s first interState river interlinking project was given a go-ahead
by the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) at a meeting chaired by
Environment Minister Anil Madhav on August 23, according to a report
that was made public on Tuesday. This would be the first time that a
river project will be located within a tiger reserve.
The Rs. 10,000-crore Ken-Betwa project will irrigate the drought-prone
Bundelkhand region but in the process will also submerge about 10 per
cent of the Panna Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh, feted as a model
tiger-conservation reserve.
“I’m a staunch conservationist myself but life is a trade-off,” V.B.
Mathur, a member of the NBWL and part of the wildlife clearance process,
told The Hindu. “The project will bring water to one of India’s
worst drought-affected regions and we’ve also insisted on an integrated
wildlife management plan,” he said.
The main feature of the project is a 230-km long canal and a series of
barrages and dams connecting the Ken and Betwa rivers that will irrigate
3.5 lakh hectares in Madhya Pradesh and 14,000 hectares of Uttar
Pradesh, in Bundelkhand. The key projects are the Makodia and Dhaudhan
dams, the latter expected to be 77 m high and responsible for submerging
5,803 hectares of tiger habitat in the Panna tiger reserve.
Villagers to be moved
Chhatarpur, Panna, Tikamgarh, Raisen, and Vidisha districts of Madhya Pradesh and Mahoba, Jhansi and Banda districts of Uttar Pradesh will benefited from assured irrigation supply, domestic and industrial water supply and power, said the project report of the Water Ministry. On the other hand, about 6,388 people in 10 villages will be affected due to the submergence by Daudhan reservoir and 13499 persons living in the 28 villages will be affected due to the submergence by Makodia reservoir and will have to be resettled. Seventeen lakh residents of nearby towns and villages in both States will benefit from improved drinking water and irrigation facilities, the report added.
Chhatarpur, Panna, Tikamgarh, Raisen, and Vidisha districts of Madhya Pradesh and Mahoba, Jhansi and Banda districts of Uttar Pradesh will benefited from assured irrigation supply, domestic and industrial water supply and power, said the project report of the Water Ministry. On the other hand, about 6,388 people in 10 villages will be affected due to the submergence by Daudhan reservoir and 13499 persons living in the 28 villages will be affected due to the submergence by Makodia reservoir and will have to be resettled. Seventeen lakh residents of nearby towns and villages in both States will benefit from improved drinking water and irrigation facilities, the report added.
According to the NBWL, 6,221 hectares — 4,141 of which is core forest
and located inside the reserve — will be inundated when, and if, the
proposed reservoir were filled to the brim. A key point of contention
between wildlife experts associated with the impact assessment and dam
proponents in the water resources ministry was whether the height of the
Daudhan dam could be reduced to limit the water overflow and contain
its subsequent impact.
The Water Ministry had refused saying this would compromise the economic
viability of the project and the records of the August meeting suggest
the wildlife experts were convinced. “We considered that point but
calculations showed that reducing the height of the dam by even a few
metres would compromise the heart of the project — irrigation benefits
to the farmers — and make the cost much higher,” Mr. Mathur added.
There were also concerns that vulture and ghariyal habitat in the region
would be affected. Here too, the committee noted, that only “3% of the
vulture habitat” would be affected. “Only about once in five years do we
expect the dam to be filled to capacity,” Raman Sukumar, ecologist at
the IISc and part of the NBWL expert team told The Hindu, “But
what we’ve insisted is that government buy private land (agricultural)
in lieu of the forest land destroyed. This is to ensure that the tiger
habitat doesn’t get fragmented due to the project.”
Mr. Sukumar wasn’t present in the final meeting that cleared the project
but confirmed the habitat-loss figures in a phone conversation with The Hindu.
No new mining leases would be allowed in the delineated tiger dispersal
routes and existing mining leases extended only “if concretely
justified” and a proposed hydro-power project would now be located
outside the reserve.
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